Nouns: Prepositional Case — Russian Grammar

The prepositional case is the only case that never appears without a preposition - hence its name. It mostly expresses location, after в and (na), and the topic of talking or thinking, after о.

Endings

Most nouns of all genders take -е. Feminine nouns in -ь, and nouns ending in -ий, -ия and -ие, take -и instead.

(dom) - (dóme)
(shkólaškóla) - (shkóleškóle)
(móre) - (móre)
(dver'dverʹ) - (dvéri)
(RossíyaRossíja) - (Rossíi)
Plural: -ах or -ях - (magazínakhmagazínax)

Location: в and на (na)

В means in, and (na) means on or at.

Я живу́ в Москве́.
Ya zhivú v Moskvé.Ja živú v Moskvé.
I live in Moscow.
Кни́га на столе́.
Kníga na stolé.
The book is on the table.
Я по́вар в рестора́не.
Ya póvar v restoráne.Ja póvar v restoráne.
I'm a cook in a restaurant.

в or на (na)?

(Na) is used for surfaces, open spaces and events, and with some places by convention: (na rabóte) (at work), (na vokzále) (at the station), (na póchtena póčte) (at the post office), (na kontsértena koncérte) (at a concert). В is used for enclosed spaces, buildings, cities and countries.

Я на рабо́те.
Ya na rabóte.Ja na rabóte.
I'm at work.
Мы бы́ли на конце́рте.
My býli na kontsérte.My býli na koncérte.
We were at a concert.
Она́ у́чится в ко́лледже.
Oná úchitsya v kólledzhe.Oná účitsja v kólledže.
She studies at college.

About: о

О means about. Before a vowel it becomes (ob), and before (mne) it becomes (óbo).

Расскажи́ мне о себе́.
Rasskazhí mne o sebé.Rasskaží mne o sebé.
Tell me about yourself.
Я ду́маю о рабо́те.
Ya dúmayu o rabóte.Ja dúmaju o rabóte.
I'm thinking about work.

Transport: на (na)

(Na) with the prepositional also expresses the vehicle you travel by.

Я е́зжу на рабо́ту на авто́бусе.
Ya yézzhu na rabótu na avtóbuse.Ja jézžu na rabótu na avtóbuse.
I go to work by bus.
Она́ е́дет на велосипе́де.
Oná yédet na velosipéde.Oná jédet na velosipéde.
She's riding a bike.

Time

Months, years and weeks after в or (na) are in the prepositional.

Мой день рожде́ния в ма́е.
Moy den' rozhdéniya v máye.Moj denʹ roždénija v máje.
My birthday is in May.
Уви́димся на сле́дующей неде́ле.
Uvídimsya na sléduyushchey nedéle.Uvídimsja na slédujuščej nedéle.
See you next week.

In the course

Sentences from Lingora’s Russian course

64 of the course's 500 sentences use this, the first in lesson 51. A few of them, with the words “Nouns: Prepositional Case” is about in bold:

О, я знаю Францию. Я был во Франции раньше.
O, ya znáyu Frántsiyu. Ya byl vo Frántsii rán'she.O, ja znáju Fránciju. Ja byl vo Fráncii ránʹše.
Oh, I know France. I have been to France before.
Lesson 208
Где наша дочь? - Она в школе.
Gde násha doch'? - Oná v shkóle.Gde náša dočʹ? - Oná v škóle.
Where is our daughter? - She's at school.
Lesson 242
Я на рынке. Тут очень много народу.
Ya na rýnke. Tut óchen' mnógo naródu.Ja na rýnke. Tut óčenʹ mnógo naródu.
I am at the market. It is very busy.
Lesson 249

Comments

Loading comments…