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Russian grammar · A1

Verbal Nouns

Russian forms nouns from verbs to name the action itself: reading, the arrival, a decision. English often uses the -ing form for this, but Russian uses separate nouns with their own endings.

01

-ние and -тие

The most productive suffix is -ние (or -ение), added to the verb stem. The noun is neuter.

  • (chitát'čitátʹ) - (chténiyečténije): reading
  • (reshít'rešítʹ) - (reshéniyerešénije): decision
  • (priglashát'priglašátʹ) - (priglashéniyepriglašénije): invitation
  • (otkrýt'otkrýtʹ) - (otkrýtiyeotkrýtije): opening, discovery
  • Спаси́бо за приглаше́ние.

    Spasíbo za priglashéniye.Spasíbo za priglašénije.

    Thank you for the invitation.

  • Чте́ние — моё хо́бби.

    Chténiye — moyó khóbbi.Čténije — mojó xóbbi.

    Reading is my hobby.

02

Other Suffixes

Some verbal nouns have no suffix, or other suffixes.

  • (khodít'xodítʹ) - (khodxod): move, course
  • (pokupát'pokupátʹ) - (pokúpka): purchase
  • (otdykhát'otdyxátʹ) - (ótdykhótdyx): rest
  • Могу́ ли я попро́бовать э́то пиани́но пе́ред поку́пкой?

    Mogú li ya popróbovat' éto pianíno péred pokúpkoy?Mogú li ja popróbovatʹ éto pianíno péred pokúpkoj?

    Can I try this piano before buying it?

03

Infinitive or Noun?

The infinitive can also name an action, especially as a subject or after verbs like (lyubít'ljubítʹ).

  • Занима́ться спо́ртом поле́зно.

    Zanimát'sya spórtom polézno.Zanimátʹsja spórtom polézno.

    Doing sport is healthy.

  • Я люблю́ чита́ть.

    Ya lyublyú chitát'.Ja ljubljú čitátʹ.

    I love reading.

The verbal noun is preferred in more formal style, and after prepositions, which cannot be followed by an infinitive.

  • Я чи́щу зу́бы пе́ред сном.

    Ya chíshchu zúby péred snom.Ja číšču zúby péred snom.

    I brush my teeth before bed.

04

Their Objects

The object of a verbal noun is in the genitive.

  • Изуче́ние языка́ тре́бует вре́мени.

    Izuchéniye yazyká trébuyet vrémeni.Izučénije jazyká trébujet vrémeni.

    Learning a language takes time.

In the course

Sentences from Lingora’s Russian course

18 of the course's 500 sentences use this, the first in lesson 130. A few of them, with the words “Verbal Nouns” is about in bold:

  • Моё первое впечатление - она очень умная.

    Moyó pérvoye vpechatléniye - oná óchen' úmnaya.Mojó pérvoje vpečatlénije - oná óčenʹ úmnaja.

    My first impression is that she is very smart.

    Lesson 333

  • Ты можешь отправить сообщение снова?

    Ty mózhesh' otprávit' soobshchéniye snóva?Ty móžešʹ otprávitʹ soobščénije snóva?

    Can you send the message again?

    Lesson 426

  • Я так рад поездке в другую страну.

    Ya tak rad poyézdke v drugúyu stranú.Ja tak rad pojézdke v drugúju stranú.

    I'm so excited to travel to another country.

    Lesson 449

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