Russian has two ways to say bigger or more interesting: a single-word comparative and a two-word one with (bóleyebóleje). For the biggest it adds (sámyysámyj) to the ordinary adjective.
01
The Simple Comparative
Most adjectives add -ее to the stem. The form never changes for gender, number or case, and it is used after the noun.
- (interésnyyinterésnyj) - (interésneyeinterésneje)
- (tyóplyytjóplyj) - (tepléyetepléje)
- (kholódnyyxolódnyj) - (kholodnéyexolodnéje)
Сего́дня тепле́е, чем вчера́.
Segódnya tepléye, chem vcherá.Segódnja tepléje, čem včerá.
It's warmer today than yesterday.
The same word is also the comparative of the adverb: (bystréyebystréje) is faster and more quickly.
02
Irregular Comparatives
Many common adjectives have a short comparative in -е, often with a change in the stem, or a completely different form.
- (bol'shóybolʹšój) - (ból'shebólʹše)
- (málen'kiymálenʹkij) - (mén'sheménʹše)
- (khoróshiyxoróšij) - (lúchshelúčše)
- (plokhóyploxój) - (khúzhexúže)
- (deshóvyydešóvyj) - (deshévledešévle)
- (molodóymolodój) - (molózhemolóže)
- (stáryystáryj) - (stárshestárše)
Мне нужна́ ко́мната побо́льше.
Mne nuzhná kómnata poból'she.Mne nužná kómnata pobólʹše.
I need a bigger room.
Э́та маши́на деше́вле.
Éta mashína deshévle.Éta mašína dešévle.
This car is cheaper.
Мой брат ста́рше меня́.
Moy brat stárshe menyá.Moj brat stárše menjá.
My brother is older than me.
03
Than
Than is (chemčem), with a comma before it. After a simple comparative, the thing compared can instead go into the genitive case without (chemčem).
Чай лу́чше, чем ко́фе.
Chay lúchshe, chem kófe.Čaj lúčše, čem kófe.
Tea is better than coffee.
Он вы́ше меня́.
On výshe menyá.On výše menjá.
He is taller than me.
04
The Compound Comparative
(BóleyeBóleje) (more) placed before an ordinary adjective forms a comparative that declines like the adjective. It is used where the simple form is awkward and before a noun.
Мне нужна́ бо́лее удо́бная о́бувь.
Mne nuzhná bóleye udóbnaya óbuv'.Mne nužná bóleje udóbnaja óbuvʹ.
I need more comfortable shoes.
05
The Superlative
(SámyySámyj) (the most) placed before the adjective forms the superlative. Both words decline and agree with the noun.
Э́то са́мый лу́чший день.
Éto sámyy lúchshiy den'.Éto sámyj lúčšij denʹ.
This is the best day.
Э́то са́мая больша́я страна́ в ми́ре.
Éto sámaya bol'sháya straná v míre.Éto sámaja bolʹšája straná v míre.
It's the biggest country in the world.
A few adjectives have a separate superlative word: (lúchshiylúčšij) (best), (khúdshiyxúdšij) (worst), (stárshiystáršij) (eldest), (mládshiymládšij) (youngest).
Э́то лу́чший рестора́н в ми́ре.
Éto lúchshiy restorán v míre.Éto lúčšij restorán v míre.
This is the best restaurant in the world.
Мой мла́дший брат.
Moy mládshiy brat.Moj mládšij brat.
My younger brother.
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