An adverb describes how, when or where something happens. Most Russian adverbs of manner are formed from adjectives, and they look exactly like the neuter short form.
01
From Adjectives: -о
Replace the adjective ending with -о.
- (khoróshiyxoróšij) - (khoroshóxorošó)
- (plokhóyploxój) - (plókhoplóxo)
- (býstryybýstryj) - (býstro)
- (médlennyymédlennyj) - (médlenno)
Ты хорошо́ вы́глядишь.
Ty khoroshó výglyadish'.Ty xorošó výgljadišʹ.
You look good.
Говори́те ме́дленно, пожа́луйста.
Govoríte médlenno, pozháluysta.Govoríte médlenno, požálujsta.
Please speak slowly.
Он бы́стро бе́гает.
On býstro bégayet.On býstro bégajet.
He runs fast.
02
Soft Adjectives: -е
Adjectives with a soft ending, and some ending in -ший, take -е.
- (ískrenniyískrennij) - (ískrenne)
03
Adjectives in -ский: по-...-ски
Adjectives in -ский form adverbs with the prefix по- and the ending -ски. This is how languages are named with verbs like speak and understand.
Я говорю́ по-ру́сски.
Ya govoryú po-rússki.Ja govorjú po-rússki.
I speak Russian.
Вы понима́ете по-англи́йски?
Vy ponimáyete po-anglíyski?Vy ponimájete po-anglíjski?
Do you understand English?
04
The Same Words in Impersonal Sentences
These -о forms also serve as the predicate of sentences without a subject: (khólodnoxólodno), (tepló), (skúchnoskúčno).
О́чень жа́рко.
Óchen' zhárko.Óčenʹ žárko.
It's very hot.
Мне ску́чно.
Mne skúchno.Mne skúčno.
I'm bored.
05
Adverbs of Time and Place
Many common adverbs are not formed from adjectives and have to be learned as words: (seychássejčás) (now), (vsegdá) (always), (uzhéužé) (already), (yeshchóješčó) (still, yet), (zdes'zdesʹ) (here), (tam) (there).
Нам ну́жно уходи́ть сейча́с.
Nam núzhno ukhodít' seychás.Nam núžno uxodítʹ sejčás.
We need to leave now.
Он всегда́ мне стрижёт во́лосы.
On vsegdá mne strizhót vólosy.On vsegdá mne strižót vólosy.
He always cuts my hair.
Others are frozen case forms of nouns: (útrom) (in the morning), (vécheromvéčerom) (in the evening), (domóydomój) (home).
Ве́чером я смотрю́ телеви́зор.
Vécherom ya smotryú televízor.Véčerom ja smotrjú televízor.
In the evening I watch TV.
06
Comparison
The comparative of the adverb is the same word as the comparative of the adjective.
Говори́те ме́дленнее, пожа́луйста.
Govoríte médlenneye, pozháluysta.Govoríte médlenneje, požálujsta.
Please speak more slowly.
In the course
Sentences from Lingora’s Russian course
48 of the course's 500 sentences use this, the first in lesson 8. A few of them, with the words “Adverbs: Formation” is about in bold:
Как ты себя чувствуешь? Хорошо или плохо?
Kak ty sebyá chúvstvuyesh'? Khoroshó íli plókho?Kak ty sebjá čúvstvuješʹ? Xorošó íli plóxo?
How are you feeling? Good or bad?
Lesson 61
Я чувствую себя отлично! Я не болен. Я здоров.
Ya chúvstvuyu sebyá otlíchno! Ya ne bólen. Ya zdoróv.Ja čúvstvuju sebjá otlíčno! Ja ne bólen. Ja zdoróv.
I feel great! I am not sick. I am healthy.
Lesson 64
Как смешно. Вы оба неправы.
Kak smeshnó. Vy óba neprávy.Kak smešnó. Vy óba neprávy.
How ridiculous. You are both wrong.
Lesson 163
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