Verbs: Future Tense — Hindi Grammar

The future tense describes actions that have not happened yet but will take place. In Hindi, this is formed by modifying the verb ending. The ending you choose depends on the subject's gender (male or female), number (singular or plural), and the level of formality.

Forming the Verb Root

To conjugate a verb in the future tense, first identify the verb root. This is done by removing the (-nā-na) from the infinitive form of the verb.

Infinitive: (bolnā, to speak) → Root: (bol)
Infinitive: (karnā, to do) → Root: (kar)

Once you have the root, you attach the appropriate suffix.

First Person: I and We

When talking about yourself using (ma͠i, I), the verb ending changes based on your gender.

Male: Add (-ū̃gā-unga) to the root.
Female: Add (-ū̃gī-ungi) to the root.

मैं कल काम करूँगा।
ma͠i kal kām karū̃gā.main kal kam karunga.
I will work tomorrow. (said by a male)
मैं एक किताब लिखूँगी।
ma͠i ek kitāb likhū̃gī.main ek kitab likhungi.
I will write a book. (said by a female)

When using (ham, we), the ending is always plural.

Male/Mixed Group: Add (-ẽge).
Female Group: Add (-ẽgī-ẽgi).

हम बाज़ार जाएँगे।
ham bāzār jāẽge.ham bazar jaẽge.
We will go to the market.

Second Person: You

Hindi has different words for "you" depending on formality. The verb endings must match the specific pronoun used.

Informal (तुम (tum))

Used with friends or people younger than you.

Male: Add (-oge).
Female: Add (-ogī-ogi).

तुम कब आओगे?
tum kab āoge?tum kab aoge?
When will you come? (to a male)
क्या तुम पानी पीओगी?
kyā tum pānī pīogī?kya tum pani piogi?
Will you drink water? (to a female)

Formal (आप (āp))

Used with elders, strangers, or in professional settings. This form always uses plural endings to show respect, even if speaking to one person.

Male: Add (-ẽge).
Female: Add (-ẽgī-ẽgi).

आप क्या खाएँगे?
āp kyā khāẽge?ap kya khaẽge?
What will you eat? (polite)

Third Person: He, She, It, They

Singular (यह / वह (yah/vah))

Used for "he", "she", "it", "this", or "that".

Male: Add (-egā-ega).
Female: Add (-egī-egi).

वह हिंदी सीखेगा।
vah hiṃdī sīkhegā.wah hiṃdi sikhega.
He will learn Hindi.
यह बहुत अच्छा होगा।
yah bahut acchā hogā.yah bahut achchha hoga.
This will be very good.

Plural (ये / वे (ye/ve))

Used for "they", "these", or "those".

Male/Mixed: Add (-ẽge).
Female: Add (-ẽgī-ẽgi).

वे भारत में रहेंगे।
ve bhārat meṃ rahẽge.we bharat meṃ rahẽge.
They will live in India.
लड़कियाँ गाना गाएँगी।
laṛkiyā̃ gānā gāẽgī.larkiyan gana gaẽgi.
The girls will sing a song.

Verbs Ending in Vowels

If the verb root ends in a vowel (like (jāja) in (jānājana) - to go, or (khākha) in (khānākhana) - to eat), the endings are attached directly to the vowel.

(jāja) + (-ū̃gā-unga) = (jāū̃gā, I will go).
(khākha) + (-egā-ega) = (khāegā, he will eat).

मैं घर जाऊँगा।
ma͠i ghar jāū̃gā.main ghar jaunga.
I will go home.
वह चाय बनाएगी।
vah cāy banāegī.wah chay banaegi.
She will make tea.

Word Order

Remember that in Hindi, the verb is placed at the very end of the sentence. The typical structure is Subject + Object + Verb.

राम सेब खाएगा।
rām seb khāegā.ram seb khaega.
Ram will eat an apple.

In the course

Sentences from Lingora’s Hindi course

40 of the course's 500 sentences use this, the first in lesson 8. A few of them, with the words “Verbs: Future Tense” is about in bold:

क्या आप कल आएंगी?
kyā āp kal āeṅgī?kya ap kal aengi?
Will you be back tomorrow?
Lesson 258
जब तक मैं नई कार नहीं लेता, मुझे अपनी बाइक चलानी होगी।
jab tak ma͠i naī kār nahī̃ letā, mujhe apnī bāik calānī hogī.jab tak main nai kar nahin leta, mujhe apni baik chalani hogi.
I have to ride my bike until I get a new car.
Lesson 301
मैं यह पौधा ख़रीदना चाहता हूँ। यह मेरे कमरे में बहुत अच्छा लगेगा।
ma͠i yah paudhā xarīdnā cāhtā hū̃. yah mere kamre mẽ bahut acchā lagegā.main yah paudha kharidna chahta hun. yah mere kamre mẽ bahut achchha lagega.
I want to buy this plant. It will look great in my room.
Lesson 384

Comments

Loading comments…