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Vietnamese grammar · A1

Questions and answers with 'phải'

The word is one of the most versatile words in Vietnamese. Depending on its position in the sentence, it can function as a modal verb indicating obligation (must) or as an adjective indicating truth (correct, right).

01

Asking for Confirmation with 'phải không'

To turn a statement into a confirmation question (similar to "right?" or "isn't it?" in English), place at the end of the sentence. This is used when you believe a statement is true but want to verify it.

  • Bạn là người Việt Nam, phải không?

    You are Vietnamese, right?

  • Cô ấy đang ngủ, phải không?

    She is sleeping, isn't she?

  • Anh ấy làm việc ở đây, phải không?

    He works here, right?

02

Answering Confirmation Questions

When answering a question ending in , you address the validity of the statement.

To answer "Yes" (confirming the statement is correct), use or .

  • Phải, tôi là người Việt Nam.

    Correct, I am Vietnamese.

To answer "No" (denying the statement), use .

  • Không, cô ấy không phải đang ngủ.

    No, she is not sleeping (it is not correct that she is sleeping).

03

Negating Identity with 'không phải'

In Vietnamese, you cannot simply use the word (no/not) to negate nouns or identities. You must use the structure or . This equates to "is not" when identifying people or things.

  • Tôi không phải là giáo viên.

    I am not a teacher.

  • Đây không phải là điện thoại của tôi.

    This is not my phone.

This is distinct from negating verbs or adjectives, which only require .

  • Action: (I do not eat.)
  • Identity: (I am not a doctor.)

04

Expressing Obligation (Must/Have to)

When is placed directly before a verb, it acts as a modal verb meaning must, should, or have to. It indicates that the action is necessary.

  • Hôm nay tôi phải đi làm.

    Today I have to go to work.

  • Bạn phải cẩn thận.

    You must be careful.

  • Chúng ta phải về nhà ngay.

    We must go home right now.

In the course

Sentences from Lingora’s Vietnamese course

22 of the course's 500 sentences use this, the first in lesson 8. A few of them, with the words “Questions and answers with 'phải'” is about in bold:

  • Tôi phải đi xe đạp cho đến khi có một chiếc ô tô mới.

    I have to ride my bike until I get a new car.

    Lesson 301

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