Expressing Opinion with '-ce' — Turkish Grammar

The suffix is a versatile addition to words that changes their function or meaning. Its form changes to , , or based on vowel and consonant harmony rules.

The suffix follows two-way vowel harmony:

Use or if the last vowel in the word is e, i, ö, or ü.
Use or if the last vowel in the word is a, ı, o, or u.

It also follows consonant harmony:

Use -ç if the word ends in a voiceless consonant (p, ç, t, k, s, ş, h, f).
Use -c if the word ends in a vowel or a voiced consonant.

Expressing Opinion

When attached to a personal pronoun, this suffix means "in my/your/etc. opinion" or "according to...". This is one of its most common uses in conversation.

bence - in my opinion
sence - in your opinion
onca - in his/her/its opinion
bizce - in our opinion
sizce - in your opinion (plural/formal)
onlarca - in their opinion

Bence bu elbise sana çok yakışmış.
In my opinion, this dress looks very good on you.
Sence bu akşam ne yapmalıyız?
What do you think we should do tonight?
Bizce toplantı çok uzundu.
In our opinion, the meeting was too long.

Forming Adverbs of Manner

When added to an adjective or a noun, the suffix creates an adverb. It describes how an action is done, similar to adding "-ly" in English or using phrases like "in a ... way".

From adjectives:

Lütfen yavaşça konuşun.
Please speak slowly.
Çocuk sessizce odasına girdi.
The child entered his room quietly.
Her şeyi güzelce temizledik.
We cleaned everything nicely.

From nouns:

Çocukça davranmayı bırak.
Stop acting childishly.
Bu sorunu dostça çözmeliyiz.
We should solve this problem in a friendly way.

Naming Languages

Another key function of this suffix is to form the names of languages when added to a nationality or country name.

Ben Türkçe öğreniyorum.
I am learning Turkish.
O, akıcı bir şekilde İngilizce konuşur.
He/she speaks English fluently.
Almanca zor bir dil mi?
Is German a difficult language?

Expressing Duration and Large Quantities

The suffix can be attached to words of time or number to indicate a long, continuous duration or a large, indefinite quantity.

For duration:

Seni saatlerce bekledim.
I waited for you for hours.
Günlerce aynı konuyu tartıştılar.
They argued about the same topic for days.

For quantity:

Konserde binlerce insan vardı.
There were thousands of people at the concert.
Bu konuda onlarca kitap yazıldı.
Dozens of books have been written on this topic.

In the course

Sentences from Lingora’s Turkish course

8 of the course's 500 sentences use this, the first in lesson 65. A few of them, with the words “Expressing Opinion with '-ce'” is about in bold:

Komiksin. Bence sen komiksin.
You are funny. I think you are funny.
Lesson 169

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