Personal Pronouns

01

Singular Pronouns

The first person is gender-neutral, but second and third person distinguish male from female.

• ⁧⁧أَنَا⁩⁩ (anāanāʾanāana) - I (male or female)
• ⁧⁧أَنْتَ⁩⁩ (antaantaʾantaanta) - you (to a male)
• ⁧⁧أَنْتِ⁩⁩ (antiantiʾantianti) - you (to a female)
• ⁧⁧هُوَ⁩⁩ (huwa) - he (also 'it' for masculine nouns)
• ⁧⁧هِيَ⁩⁩ (hiya) - she (also 'it' for feminine nouns)

• ⁧أَنَا سَعِيدٌ.⁩

  anā sa‘īd.anā sa‘īd.ʾanā sa‘iyd.ana sa‘yd.

  I am happy.

• ⁧أَنْتِ ذَكِيَّةٌ جِدًّا.⁩

  anti dhakīyah jiddan.anti dhakīyah d͟jiddan.ʾanti dhakiyyah ǧiddan.anti dhakyyah jidan.

  You are very smart.

• ⁧هُوَ فِي الْبَيْتِ.⁩

  huwa fī al-bayt.huwa fī al-bayt.huwa fiy ʾal-bayt.huwa fy al-bayt.

  He is in the house.

02

Plural Pronouns

• ⁧⁧نَحْنُ⁩⁩ (naḥnu) - we
• ⁧⁧أَنْتُمْ⁩⁩ (antumantumʾantumantum) - you all (male or mixed)
• ⁧⁧هُمْ⁩⁩ (hum) - they (male or mixed)
• ⁧⁧هُنَّ⁩⁩ (hunnahunnahunnahuna) - they (all female)

Arabic also has dual pronouns for exactly two people — ⁧أَنْتُمَا⁩ (antumā, you two) and ⁧هُمَا⁩ (humā, they two) — covered in the dual topic.

• ⁧نَحْنُ هُنَا.⁩

  naḥnu hunā.naḥnu hunā.naḥnu hunā.naḥnu huna.

  We are here.

• ⁧هُمْ طُلَّابٌ.⁩

  hum ṭullāb.hum ṭullāb.hum ṭullāb.hum ṭulab.

  They are students.