Mexican Spanish grammar

Every grammar guide of Lingora’s Mexican Spanish A1 course, with examples you can listen to.

01Verbs: Present TenseIn Spanish, verbs change their form, or conjugate, to show who is performing an action and when the action takes place. The present tense, or presente de…
02Personal Particle 'a'The particle a is placed before a direct object when that object is a specific person or a group of people. It has no direct translation in English but…
03Pronouns: This & ThatDemonstrative pronouns and adjectives point out specific people or things. Unlike English, which primarily distinguishes between 'this' (close) and…
04Adjectives: DeclensionAdjectives must agree in gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural) with the nouns they describe. This means the form of the adjective…
05Reflexive Pronoun 'se'The pronoun se is a versatile word with several distinct functions. It is primarily known as a reflexive pronoun for the third person, but its usage…
06Near Future with 'ir a'The construction ir a + infinitive is the most common way to talk about future plans and intentions in everyday spoken Spanish, particularly in Mexico.…
07Pronouns: Indirect ObjectsAn indirect object is the person or thing that receives the direct object. It answers the question "to whom?" or "for whom?" the action of the verb is…
08Verbs: Subjunctive MoodThe subjunctive mood is used to talk about situations of doubt, desire, emotion, or possibility, rather than facts. It almost always appears in a…
09Pronouns: Direct ObjectsA direct object is the person or thing that directly receives the action of a verb. A direct object pronoun replaces that noun to avoid repetition. For…
10Indefinite ArticlesThe indefinite articles, equivalent to a or an in English, must agree in gender and number with the noun they describe.
11Definite ArticlesThe definite article, equivalent to "the" in English, is used to refer to a specific noun that is known to both the speaker and the listener. It must…
12Verbs: Present ProgressiveThe present progressive describes an action that is currently in progress. It is the equivalent of the "-ing" form in English. The structure is formed by…
13Personal PronounsPersonal pronouns are words that replace a noun, typically a person's name, to avoid repetition. They indicate who is performing the action of a verb.
14Expressing 'to be' (ser vs. estar)The verbs ser and estar both translate to to be in English, but they are not interchangeable. The choice between them depends on what you are trying to…
15Possessive PronounsPossessive words indicate ownership. There are two main types: short forms that go before a noun (like my book) and long forms that can replace a noun…
16The many meanings of 'de'The preposition de is one of the most common and versatile words in the language. While it often translates to of or from, its meaning is highly…
17Expressing 'have to'The phrase tener que followed by an infinitive verb is used to express obligation or necessity. It is the direct equivalent of "to have to" or "must" in…
18Pronouns: Following a VerbIn Spanish, object pronouns can be attached directly to the end of certain verb forms. This creates a single, longer word. This happens with infinitives,…
19Verbs: Imperative MoodThe imperative mood is used to give commands, make requests, offer suggestions, or provide instructions. The verb form changes depending on who you are…
20The many meanings of 'que'The word que is one of the most common and versatile words in Spanish. It can function as a relative pronoun, a conjunction, and as part of several key…
21Verbs: Conditional MoodThe conditional mood, known as el condicional or el pospretérito, is used to talk about hypothetical situations, possibilities, and to make polite…
22Past ParticiplesThe past participle is a verb form that has two primary functions: to form compound tenses with the verb haber (to have), and to be used as an adjective.
23Verbs: Preterite TenseThe preterite tense is used to talk about actions that were completed in the past. It treats the action as a single, finished event with a clear…
24Nouns: DeclensionIn Spanish, every noun has a grammatical gender, either masculine or feminine. This gender is a core property of the word and affects the articles (like…
25Verbs: Imperfect TenseThe imperfect tense describes past actions or states that were ongoing, habitual, or incomplete. It is used to set the scene, provide background…
26Verbs: Future TenseThe future tense, or futuro simple, is used to talk about actions that will happen. It is formed by adding specific endings to the infinitive form of the…
27Pronouns: DisjunctiveDisjunctive pronouns, also known as prepositional pronouns, are the forms of personal pronouns used after prepositions like para (for), de (of/from), a…
28Expressing 'Let's'To express an invitation or suggestion like "Let's...", you can use the `nosotros` (we) command form. This form is identical to the `nosotros` form of…
29Usage of 'usted' vs. 'vosotros/as'In Mexican Spanish, the word for 'you' changes based on the level of formality and the number of people you are addressing.