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Brazilian Portuguese grammar · A1

The Many Meanings of 'de'

The preposition is one of the most common and versatile words in Portuguese. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the context. A key feature of is its tendency to contract with articles and some pronouns that follow it.

01

Contractions with 'de'

When is followed by an article (, , , ) or certain pronouns (, , , ), they combine into a single word. This is mandatory in most cases.

Contractions with definite articles

  • + =
  • + =
  • + =
  • + =
  • Eu gosto do seu casaco.

    I like your coat.

  • A casa da Maria é grande.

    Maria's house is big.

Contractions with personal pronouns

  • + / = /
  • + / = /
  • Este livro é dele.

    This book is his.

  • A responsabilidade é delas.

    The responsibility is theirs.

Contractions with demonstrative pronouns

  • + / = /
  • + / = /
  • + / = /
  • Eu não gostei desse filme.

    I didn't like that movie.

  • Você se lembra daquela festa?

    Do you remember that party?

02

Possession or Association

Similar to "'s" or "of" in English, is used to show that something belongs to or is associated with someone or something.

  • O carro do meu pai é azul.

    My father's car is blue.

  • A capital do Brasil é Brasília.

    The capital of Brazil is Brasília.

  • As chaves da casa estão na mesa.

    The keys to the house are on the table.

03

Origin

indicates where a person or thing comes from. It translates to "from".

  • Eu sou de Curitiba.

    I am from Curitiba.

  • Eles vieram de Portugal.

    They came from Portugal.

  • Este vinho é da Argentina.

    This wine is from Argentina.

04

Material

Use to specify what something is made of.

  • É uma estátua de bronze.

    It's a bronze statue.

  • Eu comprei uma camisa de algodão.

    I bought a cotton shirt.

  • Ela usa um anel de prata.

    She wears a silver ring.

05

Content or Part of a Whole

can indicate the contents of a container or a portion of a larger item.

  • Eu quero um copo de água, por favor.

    I want a glass of water, please.

  • Você quer um pedaço de bolo?

    Do you want a piece of cake?

  • Ele comeu um prato de macarrão.

    He ate a plate of pasta.

06

Topic or Subject

When talking about a subject, can mean "about".

  • Nós gostamos de falar de política.

    We like to talk about politics.

  • É um livro de aventura.

    It's an adventure book.

07

Cause or Reason

can express the cause of a state or feeling.

  • Ele estava tremendo de frio.

    He was trembling from the cold.

  • Ela chorou de alegria.

    She cried with joy.

08

Time

is used in many common time expressions.

  • Eu trabalho de manhã e estudo de noite.

    I work in the morning and study at night.

  • A loja fica aberta de segunda a sexta.

    The store is open from Monday to Friday.

09

Describing Characteristics (Compound Nouns)

is frequently used to connect two nouns, where the second noun describes the first, creating a compound noun or a descriptive phrase.

  • Você precisa de óculos de sol.

    You need sunglasses.

  • Vamos para a sala de jantar.

    Let's go to the dining room.

  • Ele comprou um carro de corrida.

    He bought a race car.

10

Required by Verbs and Adjectives

Many verbs and adjectives require the preposition to connect to their object or complement. This is a fixed structure that must be memorized.

Common verbs: (to like), (to need), (to forget), (to remember).

  • Eu gosto de chocolate.

    I like chocolate.

  • Nós precisamos de ajuda.

    We need help.

  • Não se esqueça de trancar a porta.

    Don't forget to lock the door.

Common adjectives: (full of), (capable of), (proud of).

  • A caixa está cheia de livros.

    The box is full of books.

  • Ele é capaz de fazer isso sozinho.

    He is capable of doing that alone.

In the course

Sentences from Lingora’s Brazilian Portuguese course

73 of the course's 500 sentences use this, the first in lesson 29. A few of them, with the words “The Many Meanings of 'de'” is about in bold:

  • Comprei uma dúzia de ovos e uma barra de chocolate para você também.

    I bought a dozen eggs and a candy bar for you too.

    Lesson 47

  • Tenho que andar de bicicleta até comprar um carro novo.

    I have to ride my bike until I get a new car.

    Lesson 301

  • Não coma isso! Isso é carne de porco!

    Don't eat that! That's pork!

    Lesson 366

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